These authors conducted a retrospective cohort study (1/1/2022-30/06/2025, n= 217,025) who underwent breast imaging, restricting to women aged 45 to 80 years with aBMI ≥ 25 and a documented imaging outcome (n = 111,646; median age 61). The primary outcome was breast cancer detection. GLP-1 use was defined as a first prescription prior to the exam date and assessed in relation to race,ethnicity, age, and type 2 diabetes. To address potential confounding between these covariates and GLP-1 exposure, they performed one-to-one, case-control matching using propensity scores, based on age, race, ethnicity, highest BMI, breast density, and history of type 2 diabetes. The propensity matching to the GLP-1 use group was performed using the greedy nearest neighbor approach.
Results: GLP-1 exposure was associated with a lower incidence of breast cancer (OR 0.649, 95% CI 0.569-0.741; p < 0.0001). In the matched logistic regression (30,528 observations; 600 cancer cases), GLP-1 exposure was associated with a lower breast cancer incidence (OR 0.695, 95% CI 0.590-0.819; p < 0.0001).